Recent Publications (2018 – present)
Anshassi, M, Townsend, T (2023) “The hidden economic and environmental costs of eliminating kerb-side recycling.” Nature Sustainability. 1-10. doi:10.1038/s41893-023-01122-8.
Lin, A, Timshina, A, Magnuson, J, Bowden, J, Townsend, T (2023) Emerging polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and trace metal leachability from reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). Chemosphere. 333: 138937. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138937.
Timshina, A, Sobczak, W, Griffin, E, Lin, A, Townsend, T, Bowden, J (2023) “Up in the air: Polyfluoroalkyl phosphate esters (PAPs) in airborne dust captured by air conditioning (AC) filters.” Chemosphere. 325:138307. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138307.
Lott, D, Robey, N, Fonseca, R, Bowden, J, Townsend, T (2023) “Behavior of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in pilot-Scale vertical flow constructed wetlands treating landfill leachate.” Waste Management. 161(15):187-192. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2023.03.001.
Smallwood, T, Robey, N, Liu, Y, Bowden, J, Tolaymat, T, Solo-Gabriele, H, Townsend, T (2023) “Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) distribution in landfill gas collection systems: leachate and gas condensate partitioning.” Journal of Hazardous Materials. 448:130926. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130926.
Zhang, H, Chen, Y, Liu, Y, Bowden, J, Tolaymat, T, Townsend, T, Solo-Gabriele, H (2023) “Relationships between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and physical-chemical parameters in aqueous landfill samples.” Chemosphere. 138541. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138541
Brinton, A, Townsend, T, Diehl, D, Deliz, K, Lichtenstein, M (2023) “Systems thinking and solid waste management in Puerto Rico: Feedback loops over time.” Sustainability, 15(5):4648. doi:10.3390/su15054648.
Thompson, J, Chen, B, Bowden, J, Townsend, T (2023) “Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in toilet paper and the impact on wastewater systems.” Environmental Science and Technology Letters. 10(3): 234-239. doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00094.
Thompson, J, Robey, N, Tolaymat, T, Bowden, J, Solo-Gabriele, H, Townsend, T (2023) “Underestimation of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances in biosolids: Precursor transformation during conventional treatment.” Environmental Science and Technology. 57(9):3825-3832. doi:10.1021/acs.est.2c06189.
Lott, D, Robey, N, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2023) “Effect of loading frequency on ammonia-nitrogen removal kinetics in early-stage pilot-scale vertical flow constructed wetlands treating landfill leachate.” ACS Environmental Science and Technology Engineering. 3(2): 183-192. doi:10.1021/acsestengg.2c00269.
Chen, Y, Zhang, H, Liu, Y, Bowden, J, Tolaymat, T, Townsend, T, Solo-Gabriele, H (2023). Evaluation of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in leachate, gas condensate, stormwater and groundwater at landfills. Chemosphere. 137903. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137903.
Weiksnar, K, Clavier, K, Robey, N, Townsend, T (2022) “Changes in trace metal concentrations throughout the phosphogypsum lifecycle.” Science of the Total Environment. 851:158163. org:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158163.
Brinton, A, Warner, L, Townsend, T (2022) “At the moment of disposal: how messaging techniques at university public outdoor waste receptacles can improve the solid waste stream.” International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education.
Chen, Y, Zhang, H, Liu, Y, Bowden, J, Tolaymat, T, Townsend, T, Solo-Gabriele, H (2022) “Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances before and after full-scale landfill leachate treatment.” Waste Management. 153:110-120. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2022.08.024.
Oliveira, F, Robey, N, Smallwood, T, Spreadbury, C, Townsend, T (2022) “Landfill gas as a source of anthropogenic antimony and arsenic release.” Chemosphere. 307:135739. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135739.
Brinton, A, Diehl, D, Townsend, T, Deliz Quiñones, K, Lichtenstein, M (2022) “Trees, trash, and hurricanes: The case study of Puerto Rico and vegetative disaster debris management after Hurricanes Irma and Maria.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 82:103298. doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103298.
Zhang, H, Chen, Y, Liu, Y, Bowden, J, Townsend, T, Solo-Gabriele, H (2022) “Do PFAS changes in landfill leachate treatment systems correlate with changes in physical chemical parameters?” Waste Management. 151:49-59. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2022.07.030.
Burdier, M, Anshassi, M, Guo, Y, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2022) “Enhancing the beneficial reuse properties of construction and demolition debris fines using lab-scale washing.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 183:106361. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106361.
Liu, Y, Mendoza-Perilla, P, Clavier, K, Tolaymat, T, Bowden, J, Solo-Gabriele, H, Townsend, T (2002) “Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) ash co-disposal: Influence on per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) concentration in landfill leachate.” Waste Management. 144:49-56. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2022.03.009.
Anshassi, M, Smallwood, T, Townsend, T (2002) “Life cycle GHG emissions of MSW landfilling versus Incineration: Expected outcomes based on US landfill gas collection regulations.” Waste Management. 142:44-54. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2022.01.040.
Oehmig, W, Roessler, J, Mulla Saleh, A, Clavier, K, Ferraro, C, Townsend, T (2002) “Comparison of trace element mobility from MSWI ash before and after plasma vitrification.” Waste Management & Research. 40(2):227-235. doi:10.1177/0734242X211011543
Chickering, G, Krause, M, Inglett, K, Townsend, T (2022) “Municipal solid waste biodegradability and methane potential: Influence of fiber content and elemental composition.” Environmental Engineering Science. 39(1):15-28. doi:10.1089/ees.2021.0232.
Wasserman, M, Anshassi, M, Townsend, T (2022). “Assessing sample number requirements for municipal solid waste composition studies.” Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste, ASCE. 26(1):04021038. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)HZ.2153-5515.0000652.
Clavier, K, Ferraro, C, Townsend, T (2021) “Pilot-scale cement production using treated waste incineration bottom ash: physical and environmental performance.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 175:105862. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105862.
Anshassi, M, Sackles, H, Townsend, T (2021). A review of LCA assumptions impacting whether landfilling or incineration results in less greenhouse gas emissions. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 174:105810. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105810.
Ahmadireskety, A, Da Silva, B, Robey, N, Douglas, T, Aufmuth, J, Solo-Gabriele, H, Yost, R Townsend, T, Bowden, J (2021) Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in street sweepings. Environmental Science and Technology, ACS. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c03766.
Spreadbury, C, Clavier, K, Lin, A, Townsend, T (2021). “A critical analysis of leaching and environmental risk assessment for reclaimed asphalt pavement management.” Science of the Total Environment. 775:145741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145741.
Anshassi, M, Townsend, T (2021). “Reviewing the underlying assumptions in waste LCA models to identify impacts on waste management decision making.” Journal of Cleaner Production. 313:127913. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127913.
Clavier, K, Paris, J, Ferraro, C, Tora Bueno, E, Tibbets, K, Townsend, T (2021). “Washed waste incineration bottom ash as a raw ingredient in cement production: Implications for lab-scale clinker behavior.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 169:105513. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105513.
Anshassi, M, Preuss, B, Townsend, T (2021) “Moving beyond recycling: Examining steps for local government to integrate sustainable materials management.” Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association. 1039-1052. doi:10.1080/10962247.2021.1924312.
Spreadbury, C, McVay, M, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2021) “A field-scale evaluation of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash as a road base material: Considerations for reuse practices.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 168:105264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105264.
Oehmig, W, Roessler, J, Mulla Saleh, A, Clavier, K, Ferraro, C, Townsend, T (2021) “Comparison of trace element mobility from MSWI ash before and after plasma vitrification.” Waste Management and Research. doi:10.1177/0734242X211011543.
Ahmadireskety, A, Da Silva, B, Townsend, T, Yost, R, Solo-Gabriele, H, Bowden, J (2020). “Evaluation of extraction workflows for quantitative analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: A case study using soil adjacent to a landfill.” Science of the Total Environment. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143944.
Jain, P, Wally, J, Townsend, T, Krause, M, Tolaymat, T (2021) “Greenhouse gas reporting data improves understanding of regional climate impact on landfill methane production and collection.” PloS one. 16(2):e0246334. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246334.
Martin, K, Robey, N, Ma, S, Powers, L, Heyes, A, Schmitt-Kopplin, P, Cooper, W, Townsend, T, Gonsior, M (2021) “Characterization of landfill leachate molecular composition using ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry.” Environmental Science: Water Research and Technology. 7:1250-1266. doi:10.1039/D1EW00020A.
Tucker, E, Chickering, G, Spreadbury, C, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2020). “A componential approach for evaluating the sources of trace metals in municipal solid waste.” 127524. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127524.
Liu, Y, Robey, N, Bowden, J, Tolaymat, T, da Silva, B, Solo-Gabriele, H, Townsend, T (2020). “From waste collection vehicles to landfills: Indication of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) transformation.” Environmental Science and Technology, ACS. doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00819.
Hofmeister, M, Clavier, K, Bonzongo, J, Townsend, T (2020). “Evaluation of techniques for estimating metal leachability from solid wastes blended with granular materials.” Environmental Science and Technology, ACS. doi:10.1021/acsestengg.0c00098.
Oliveira, F, Gupta, N, Kluge, M, Finizio, C, Spreadbury, C, Chadik, P, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2020). “pH attenuation by soils underlying recycled concrete aggregate road base.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 161:104987. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104987.
Townsend, S, Spreadbury, C, Laux, S, Ferraro, C, Kari, R, Townsend, T (2020). “Blending as a Strategy for Reusing Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Ash in Road-Base Construction.” Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE. 146(9). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001788.
Clavier, K, Paris, J, Ferraro, C, Townsend, T (2020). “Opportunities and challenges associated with using municipal waste incineration ash as a raw ingredient in cement production–a review.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 160:104888. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104888.
Robey, N, da Silva, B, Annable, M, Townsend, T, Bowden, J (2020). “Concentrating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in municipal solid waste landfill leachate using foam separation.” Environmental Science and Technology, ACS. 54(19):12550-12559. doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c01266.
Koelmel,J, Paige, M, Aristizabal-Henao, J, Robey, N, Nason, S, Stelben, P, Li, Y, Kroeger, N, Napolitano, M, Savvaides, T, Vasiliou, V, Rostkowski, P, Garrett, T, Lin, E, Deigl, C, Jobst, K, Townsend, T, Pollitt, K, Bowden, J (2020) “Toward comprehensive per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances annotation using FluoroMatch software and intelligent high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry acquisition.” Analytical Chemistry. 92(16):11186-11194. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01591
Bueno, ET, Paris, J, Clavier, K, Spreadbury, C, Ferraro, C, Townsend, T (2020). A review of ground waste glass as a supplementary cementitious material: A focus on alkali-silica reaction. Journal of Cleaner Production. 257:120180. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120180.
Guo, Y, Laux, S, Burdier, M, Gao, P, Ma, L, Townsend, T (2020). “Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in processed yard trash.” Waste Management and Research. 38(8):825-830. doi:10.1177/0734242X20925154.
Xu, R, Gale, S, Kim, H, Lott, R, Spreadbury, C, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2020). “Boron as a contaminant at construction and demolition (C&D) debris landfills.” Waste Management. 109:85-93. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.051.
Sarmiento, L, Clavier, K, Townsend, T (2020). “Trace element release from combustion ash co-disposed with municipal solid waste.” 252:126436. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126436
Tibbetts, C, Paris, J, Ferraro, C, Riding, K, Townsend, T (2020). “Relating water permeability to electrical resistivity and chloride penetrability of concrete containing different supplementary cementitious materials” Cement & Concrete Composites. 107:103491. doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2019.103491
Intrakamhaeng, V, Clavier, K, Townsend, T (2020). “Hazardous waste characterization implications of updating the toxicity characteristic list.” Journal of Hazardous Materials. 383: 121171. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121171
Intrakamhaeng, V, Clavier, K, Liu, L, Townsend, T (2020). “Antimony mobility from E-waste plastic in simulated municipal solid waste landfills.” 241: 125042. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125042.
Tora Bueno, E, Paris, J, Clavier, K, Spreadbury, C, Ferraro, C, Townsend, T (2020) “A review of ground waste glass as a supplementary cementitious material: A focus on alkali-silica reaction.” Journal of Cleaner Production. 257: doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120180
Cline, C, Anshassi, M, Laux, S, Townsend,T (2020). “Characterizing municipal solid waste component densities for use in landfill air space estimates.” Waste Management and Research. 1-7. doi:10.1177/0734242X19895324
Chung, J, Chung, JH, Townsend, T (2019). “Approximation of transient redox boundary conditions: its application to numerical analysis of iron plume migration near landfills.” Environmental Earth Sciences. 78(24):711.
Schafer, M, Clavier, K, Townsend, T, Kari, R. Worobel, R (2019). “Assessment of the total content and leaching behavior of blends of incinerator bottom ash and natural aggregates in view of their utilization as road base construction material.” Waste Management. 98:92-101.” doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.08.012
Xu, R, Spreadbury, C, Laux, S, O’Neill, J, Townsend, T (2019). Leaching implications of post-combustion consumer batteries in municipal waste incinerator ash.” Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste, ASCE. 23(4):04019018.
Intrakamhaeng, V, Clavier, K, Townsend, T (2019) “Initiatives to reduce lead from electronic devices: evidence of success from the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure.” Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association. 69(9):1116-1121. doi:10.1080/10962247.2019.1640807
Asal, A, Laux, S, McVay, M, Townsend, T (2019). “Blending organic material with municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash to promote in-situ carbonation in road base.” Waste Management and Research. 37(9): 951-955.
Shaha, B, Meeroff, D, Kohn, K, Townsend, T, Schert, J, Mayer, N, Schultz, R, Telson, J (2019). “Effect of electronic water treatment system on calcium carbonate scale formation in landfill leachate collection piping.” Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE. 145(9):04019052.
Anshassi, M, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2019). “Approaches to integrate sustainable materials management into waste management planning and policy.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 148:55-66. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.04.011
Monroy Sarmiento, L, Clavier, K, Paris, J, Ferraro, C, Townsend, T (2019). “Critical examination of recycled municipal solid waste incineration ash as a mineral source for portland cement manufacture–A case study.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 148:1-10. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.05.002
Schafer, M, Clavier, K, Townsend, T, Ferraro, C, Paris, J, Watts, B (2019). “Use of coal fly ash or glass pozzolan addition as a mitigation tool for alkali-silica reactivity in cement mortars amended with recycled municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash.” Waste and Biomass Valorization. 10:2733-2744. doi:10.1007/s12649-018-0296-8
Blaisi, N, Clavier, K, Roessler, J, Chung, J, Townsend, T, Al-Abed, S, Bonzongo, JC (2019). Material-and site-specific partition coefficients for beneficial use assessments.” Environmental Science and Technology, ACS. 53(16):9626-9635. doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b01756
Clavier, K, Liu, Y, Intrakamhaeng, V, Townsend, T (2019). “Re-evaluating the TCLP’s role as the regulatory driver in the management of municipal solid waste incinerator ash.” Environmental Science and Technology, ACS. 53(14):7964-7973. doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b01370
Clavier, K, Watts, B, Liu, Y, Ferraro, C, Townsend, T (2019). “Risk and performance assessment of cement made using municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash as a cement kiln feed.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 146:270-279. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.03.047
Ai, H, Clavier, K, Roessler, J, Townsend, T (2019). “The Efficacy of pH-dependent leaching tests to provide a reasonable estimate of post-carbonation leaching.” Journal of Hazardous Materials. 373:204-211. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.089
Gao, P, da Silva, E, Townsend, T, Liu, X, Ma, L (2019). “Emerging PAHs in urban soils: Concentrations, bioaccessibility, and spatial distribution.” Science of the Total Environment. 670:800-805. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.247
Su, J, Gao, P, Laux, S, Ma, L, Townsend, T (2019). “Contribution of asphalt products to total and bioaccessible polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.” International Journal of Environmental Research. 13(3):499-509. doi:10.1007/s41742-019-00189-6
Jones, A, Marini, J, Solo-Gabriele, H, Robey, N, Townsend, T (2019). “Arsenic, copper, and chromium from treated wood products in the US disposal sector.” Waste Management. 87:731-740. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.004
Liu, Y, Claiver, K, Spreadbury, C, Townsend, T (2019). “Limitations of the TCLP fluid determination step for hazardous waste characterization uf US municipal waste incineration ash.” Waste Management. 87:590-596. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.02.045
Intrakamhaeng, V, Clavier, K, Roessler, J, Townsend, T (2019). “Limitations of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedures for providing a conservative estimate of landfilled municipal solid waste incineration ash leaching.” Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association. doi:10.1080/10962247.2019.1569172
Monroy, L, Roessler, J, Townsend, T (2019) “Trace element mobility from coal combustion residuals exposed to landfill leachate.” Journal of Hazardous Materials. 365:962-970 doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.028
Townsend, T, Ingwersen, W, Niblick, B, Jain, P, Wally, J (2019) “CDDPath: A method for quantifying the loss and recovery of construction and demolition debris in the United States.” Waste Management. 84:302-309 doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2018.11.048
Winslow, K, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2019) “An economic and environmental assessment on landfill gas to vehicle fuel conversion for waste hauling operations.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 142:155-166 doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.11.021
Liu, Y, Gao, P, Su, J, da Silva, E, Oliveira, L, Townsend, T, Xiang, P, Ma, L (2019) “PAHs in urban soils of two Florida cities: Background concentrations, distribution, and sources.” 220-227 doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.119
Robey, N, Krause, M, Woolsey, J, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2019) “Practical method for specifying MSW landfill drainage media to avoid turbidity contamination.” Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE. 145(2) doi:10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001483
Gao, P, Li, H, Wilson, C, Townsend, T, Xiang, P, Liu, Y, Ma, L (2018) “Source identification of PAHs in soils based on stable carbon isotopic signatures.” Environmental Science and Technology, ACS. doi:10.1080/10643389.2018.1495983
Robey, N, Solo-Gabriele, H, Jones, A, Marini, J, Townsend, T (2018) “Metals content of recycled construction and demolition wood before and after implementation of best management practices.” Environmental Pollution. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.134
Blaisi, N, Roessler, J, Watts, B, Paris, B, Ferraro, C, Townsend, T (2018) “Construction material properties of high temperature arc gasification slag as a portland cement replacement.” Journal of Cleaner Production. 196: 1266-1272. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.277
Anshassi, M, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2018) “Replacing recycling rates with life-cycle metrics as government materials management targets.” Environmental Science and Technology, ACS. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b06007
Oppong-Anane, A, Quinones, K, Harris, W, Townsend, T, Bonzongo, JC (2018). “Iron reductive dissolution in vadose zone soils: Implication for groundwater pollution in landfill impacted sites.” Applied Geochemistry. 94: 21-27. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2018.05.001
Wang, Y, Pleasant, S, Dubey, D, Rhue, D, Bonzongo, JC, Townsend, T (2018). “Assessing the propensity of landfill soils to undergo reductive iron dissolution.” Environmental Earth Sciences. doi:10.1007/s12665-018-7492-5
Schafer, M, Clavier, K, Townsend, T, Ferraro, C, Paris, J, Watts, B (2018) “Use of coal fly ash or glass pozzolan addition as a mitigation tool for alkali silica reactivity in cement mortars amended with recycled municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash.” Waste and Biomass Valorization. doi:10.1007/s12649-018-0296-8
Chickering, G, Krause, M, Townsend, T (2018). “Determination of as-discarded methane potential in residential and commercial municipal solid waste.” Waste Management. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2018.03.017
Su, J, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2018). “Trace chemical partitioning in construction and demolition debris fines: process and market implications.” Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management. doi:10.1007/s10163-018-0700-2
Gupta, N, Kluge, M, Chadik, P, Townsend, T (2018) “Recycled concrete aggregate as road base: Leaching constituents and neutralization by soil interactions and dilution.” Waste Management. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.018.
Kluge, M, Gupta, N, Watts, B, Chadik, P, Ferraro, C, Townsend, T (2018). “Characterization and management of concrete grinding residuals.” Waste Management and Research. doi:10.1177/0734242X17744040.
Winslow, K, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2018). “A review of the growing concern and potential management strategies of waste lithium-ion batteries.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 129:263-277. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.11.001.
Tucker, E, Ferraro, C, Laux, S, Townsend, T (2018). “Economic and life cycle assessment of recycling municipal glass as a pozzolan in portland cement concrete production.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 129:240-247. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.10.025.
Krause, M, Chickering, G, Townsend, T, Pullammanappallil, P (2018). “Effects of temperature and particle size on the biochemical methane potential of municipal solid waste components.” Waste Management. 71:25-30. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.015.