Recent Publications (2018 – present)
DeWindt, M.A., Weiksnar, K.D., Laux, S.J., Ferraro, C.C., Townsend, T.G., 2025. A review of the suitability and performance of phosphogypsum as a material for road base and subbase construction. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 215, 108120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108120
Lott, D., Darioosh, R.P., Weiksnar, K., Laux, S., Townsend, T.G., 2025. A comparison of bulk inorganic constituents and trace pollutant concentration in leachates by landfill type. Waste Manag Res 0734242X251322146. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X251322146
Newton, S.R., Bowden, J.A., Charest, N., Jackson, S.R., Koelmel, J.P., Liberatore, H.K., Lin, A.M., Lowe, C.N., Nieto, S., Godri Pollitt, K.J., Robuck, A.R., Rostkowski, P., Townsend, T.G., Wallace, M.A.G., Williams, A.J., 2025. Filling the Gaps in PFAS Detection: Integrating GC-MS Non-Targeted Analysis for Comprehensive Environmental Monitoring and Exposure Assessment. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 12, 104–112. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00930
Weiksnar, K.D., Lott, D.J., Townsend, T.G., 2024. Blending phosphogypsum to mitigate radionuclide leaching for sustainable road base applications. Science of The Total Environment 954, 176628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176628
Timshina, A., Cerlanek, A., Lin, A., Townsend, T., Bowden, J.A., 2024. Deposition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Soil Surrounding a Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Landfill. Presented at the SETAC North America 45th Annual Meeting, SETAC. https://setac.confex.com/setac/sna2024/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/25283
Weiksnar, K.D., Ferraro ,Christopher C., Kari ,Ramana, Mayer ,Nathan, and Townsend, T.G., 2024. Opportunities and challenges with implementing a recycling program for municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash as a construction aggregate: A programmatic review. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 74, 699–713. https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2024.2383651
Weiksnar, K.D., Marks, E.J., Deaderick, M.J., Meija-Ruiz, I., Ferraro, C.C., Townsend, T.G., 2024. Impacts of advanced metals recovery on municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash: aggregate characteristics and performance in portland limestone cement concrete. Waste Management 187, 70–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2024.07.008
Vallecillo, D.Z., Weiksnar, K.D., Laux, S.J., Townsend, T.G., 2024. Blending as a strategy for using phosphogypsum in granular road base: physical performance and implications. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 209, 107791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107791
Townsend, T.G., Roessler, J.G., Ferraro, C.C., 2024. Waste to energy ash and engineered aggregate in road construction. US12091827B2. https://patents.google.com/patent/US12091827B2/en
Liu, Y., Lin, A., Thompson, J., Bowden, J.A., Townsend, T.G., 2024. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in construction and demolition debris (CDD): discerning sources and fate during waste management. Journal of Hazardous Materials 472, 134567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134567
Cerlanek, A.R., Timshina, A.S., Robey, N., Lin, A.M., Solo-Gabriele, H.M., Townsend, T.G., Bowden, J.A., 2024. Investigating the partitioning behavior of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) during thermal landfill leachate evaporation. Journal of Hazardous Materials 472, 134500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134500
Lott, D.J., Laux, S.J., Townsend, T.G., 2024. Analysis of ammonia-nitrogen removal kinetics by stage in pilot scale vertical flow wetlands treating landfill leachate in series. Chemosphere 360, 142409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142409
Anshassi, M., Townsend, T.G., 2024. Residential Recycling in Florida: A Case Study on Costs, Environmental Impacts, and Improvement Strategies. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 206, 107627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107627
Lin, A.M., Thompson, J.T., Koelmel, J.P., Liu, Y., Bowden, J.A., Townsend, T.G., 2024. Landfill Gas: A Major Pathway for Neutral Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Release. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 11, 730–737. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00364
Thompson, J.T., Lott, D.J., Lin, A.M., Bowden, J.A., Stuchal, L., Townsend, T.G., 2024. Assessing the suitability of leachability-based screening levels for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) risk assessment. Science of The Total Environment 928, 172430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172430
Ferraro, C.C., Townsend, T.G., Clavier, K.A., 2024. Portland cement manufacture using municipal solid waste incineration ash. US20240182362A1. https://patents.google.com/patent/US20240182362A1/en
Robey, N.M., Liu, Y., Crespo-Medina, M., Bowden, J.A., Solo-Gabriele, H.M., Townsend, T.G., Tolaymat, T.M., 2024. Characterization of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and other constituents in MSW landfill leachate from Puerto Rico. Chemosphere 358, 142141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142141
Timshina, A.S., Robey, N.M., Oldnettle, A., Barron, S., Mehdi, Q., Cerlanek, A., Townsend, T.G., Bowden, J.A., 2024. Investigating the sources and fate of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in food waste compost. Waste Management 180, 125–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2024.03.026
Chen, Y., Zhang, H., Liu, Y., Bowden, J.A., Townsend, T.G., Solo-Gabriele, H.M., 2024. Evaluation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in landfill liquids from Pennsylvania, Colorado, and Wisconsin. Chemosphere 355, 141719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141719
Townsend, T., Bishop, R., Wood, D., Lloyd, J., 2024. Membrane system to treat leachate and methods of treating leachate. US20240082787A1. https://patents.google.com/patent/US20240082787A1/en
Chen, Y., Zhang, H., Liu, Y., Bowden, J.A., Townsend, T.G., Solo-Gabriele, H.M., 2024. Evaluation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) released from two Florida landfills based on mass balance analyses. Waste Management 175, 348–359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.054
Zhang, H., Chen, Y., Liu, Y., Bowden, J.A., Townsend, T.G., Solo-Gabriele, H.M., 2024. Comparison of the PFAS and physical-chemical parameter fluctuations between an ash landfill and a MSW landfill. Waste Management 174, 558–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.027
Cerlanek, A., Liu, Y., Robey, N., Timshina, A.S., Bowden, J.A., Townsend, T.G., 2024. Assessing construction and demolition wood-derived biochar for in-situ per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) removal from landfill leachate. Waste Management 174, 382–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.017
Townsend, T.G., 2024. Beneficial Use of Mosaic Phosphogypsum. https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2024-03/report-for-mosaic-response-to-epa-february-2024.pdf
Smallwood, T.J., Magnuson, J.K., Thompson, J.T., Lin, A.M., Townsend, T.G., 2024. Insights on volatile metals in landfill gas as determined from advanced treatment media. Journal of Hazardous Materials 462, 132777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132777
Townsend, T., Bishop, R., Wood, D., Lloyd, J., 2024. Membrane system to treat leachate and methods of treating leachate. US11865498B2. https://patents.google.com/patent/US11865498B2/en
Townsend, T.G., Roessler, J.G., Ferraro, C.C., 2024. Waste to energy ash and engineered aggregate in road construction. US11859355B2. https://patents.google.com/patent/US11859355B2/en
Weiksnar, K.D., Townsend, T.G., 2024. Enhancing the chemical performance of phosphogypsum as a road base material by blending with common aggregates. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 200, 107300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107300
Townsend, T., Anshassi, M. and Ricketts, A., 2024. Investigating the Economics of Current and Future Recycling Programs in Florida. Prepared for the Florida Recycling Partnership Foundation. https://flrecycling.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Investigating-the-Economics-of-Current-and-Future-Recycling-Programs-in-Florida-UF-Study.pdf
Weiksnar, K.D., Clavier, K.A., Laux, S.J., Townsend, T.G., 2023. Influence of trace chemical constituents in phosphogypsum for road base applications: A review. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 199, 107237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107237
Magnuson, J.K., Weiksnar, K.D., Patel, A.D., Clavier, K.A., Ferraro, C.C., Townsend, T.G., 2023. Processing municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash for integration into cement product manufacture. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 198, 107139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107139
Weiksnar, K.D., Lott, D.J., Townsend, T.G., 2023. Influence of Blending Phosphogypsum to Mitigate Radium Leaching and Enhance Reuse As Road Base Material, in: ICEM2023. ASME 2023 International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. https://doi.org/10.1115/ICEM2023-110272
Koelmel, J.P., Kummer, M., Chevallier, O., Hindle, R., Hunt, K., Camacho, C.G., Abril, N., Gill, E.L., Beecher, C.W.W., Garrett, T.J., Yost, R.A., Townsend, T.G., Klein, C., Rennie, E.E., Bowden, J.A., Godri Pollitt, K.J., 2023. Expanding Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Coverage in Nontargeted Analysis Using Data-Independent Analysis and IonDecon. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 34, 2525–2537. https://doi.org/10.1021/jasms.3c00244
Spreadbury, C.J., Magnuson, J.K., Clavier, K.A., Laux, S.J., Townsend, T.G., 2023. Effect of waste-derived soil amendments on mitigating leaching impacts from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) ash. Waste Management 169, 186–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2023.07.007