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Large Scale Concrete Additive Manufacturing:

3D Concrete Printing(3DCP) blends robotics, optimization, and manufacturing for construction. 3DCP extrudes concrete filaments through a pipe-pump-nozzle system to create CAD-controlled prints.

Design

Each print begins with a CAD model defined
by a single polyline that serves as the toolpath.
This line represents the exact path the nozzle
will follow. The structure is created by
repeatedly tracing this path, looping around
the outline, and stepping upward after each
lap to build successive layers.

iMED collaborates directly with ESSIE labs to conduct holistic research on 3DCP, from mix design and production to printing process optimization, short- and long-term strength and durability, shrinkage, and more. As concrete printing becomes more relevant in industrialized construction, our teams are working to navigate and support the new 3DCP building standards and codes being developed and implemented. 3DCP is a highly variable process, so much of our work focuses on developing repeatable frameworks that can be applied across extrusion screw-based, coarse aggregate concrete printing systems. The goal is to provide specific, actionable steps that construction crews can follow across different printers, materials, and field conditions, helping make 3DCP a safe, efficient, and economically viable construction method.