Publications

Publications

Journal Articles

  1. Hubler, J. F., Mayer, T., Stark, N., Hummel, E., Zhang, J., & Hsu, T. J. (2025). Measurement of Changes in Beach Sand Soil Stiffness due to Fluctuating Tides. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 151(1), 04024022. https://doi.org/10.1061/JWPED5.WWENG-2139
  2. Rahman, M. R., Rodriguez-Marek, A., Stark, N., Massey, G., Friedrichs, C., & Dorgan, K. (2025). Probabilistic classification of near-surface shallow-water sediments using a portable free-fall penetrometer. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, in press.
  3. Gardner, M.H., Stark, N., Ostfeld, K., Brilli, N., & Lemnitzer, A. (2025). Uncrewed aerial vehicle-based multispectral imagery for river soil monitoring. Journal of Flood Risk Management. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.70027
  4. Brilli, N., Stark, N., Eidam, E., Nienhuis, J., & Castro-Bolinaga, C. (2025). Assessing Variations in Sediment Properties and Erodibility in Harrison Bay, Alaska using a Portable Free-Fall Penetrometer. Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, in press. https://doi.org/1061/JCRGEI/CRENG-857
  5. Eidam, E. F., Stark, N., Nienhuis, J. H., Keogh, M., & Obelcz, J. (2024). Arctic Continental-Shelf Sediment Dynamics. Annual Review of Marine Science, 17. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-040423-023827
  6. Hubler, J. F., Mayer, T., Stark, N., Hummel, E., Zhang, J., & Hsu, T. J. (2025). Measurement of Changes in Beach Sand Soil Stiffness due to Fluctuating Tides. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 151(1), 04024022. https://doi.org/10.1061/JWPED5.WWENG-2139
  7. Shrestha, S., Stark, N., Green, B., Stilwell, D., & Kim, M. (2024). Assessing the importance of sediment characterization on seabed embedment predictions of cylindrical objects. Applied Ocean Research, 148, 103948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2024.103948
  8. Brilli, N. C., Stark, N., & Castro-Bolinaga, C. (2024). Relating Geotechnical Sediment Properties and Erodibility at a Sandy Beach. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 150(4), 04024006. https://doi.org/10.1061/JWPED5.WWENG-2016
  9. Brilli, N. C., & Stark, N. (2024). Challenges in the measurement of cross-shore geotechnical characteristics of sandy beach surface sediments. Coastal Engineering, 191, 104535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104535
  10. Paprocki, J., Stark, N., Graber, H.C., Wadman, H., & McNinch, J. (2024). Geotechnical Investigation of Exposed Intertidal Flats at the Great Bay Estuary Using Sediment Sampling and Satellite-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar. ASCE Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering. 150(4). https://doi.org/10.1061/JWPED5.WWENG-2051
  11. Wolf, S., Stark, N., Holste, I., Lehmkuhl, F., Römer, W., Burghardt, L., & Schüttrumpf, H. (2024). Evaluation of the high-energy flood of mid-July 2021 as a morphologic driver in the anthropogenically developed Ahr Valley, Germany, in interaction with infrastructures. Environmental Sciences Europe, 36(1), 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-024-00860-6
  12. Stark, N., Dorgan, K. M., Brilli, N. C., Frey, M. R., Cox, C., & Calantoni, J. (2024). Initial observations of the impacts of infauna on portable free fall penetrometer measurements in sandy parts of Mobile Bay. Acta Geotechnica, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-024-02241-y
  13. Jaber, R., Stark, N., Sarlo, R., McNinch, J. E., & Massey, G. (2024). Relating Geotechnical Sediment Properties and Low Frequency CHIRP Sonar Measurements. Remote Sensing, 16(2), 241. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16020241
  14. Paprocki, J., Stark, N., & Lippmann, T. (2024). Geotechnical Characterization of a Tidal Estuary Mudflat Using Portable Free-Fall Penetrometers. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 150(1), 04023131. https://doi.org/10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-11579
  15. Kim, M., Yetkin, H., Stilwell, D. J., Jimenez, J., Shrestha, S., & Stark, N. (2023). Toward optimal placement of spatial sensors. IEEE Access, 11, 121991-121998, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3326349.
  16. Jaber, R., & Stark, N. (2023). Geotechnical Properties from Portable Free Fall Penetrometer Measurements in Coastal Environments. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 149(12), 04023120, https://doi.org/10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-110.
  17. Hunstein, E., Stark, N., & Rodriguez-Marek, A. (2023). Finding the Mudline: Automatization of Seabed Impact Selection for a Portable Free-Fall Penetrometer. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 149(12), 06023008.https://doi.org/10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-11550
  18. Paprocki, J., Stark, N., & Wadman, H. (2023). A Framework for Assessing the Bearing Capacity of Sandy Coastal Soils from Remotely Sensed Moisture Contents. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 149(10), 04023083.https://doi.org/10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-11339
  19. Smith, L., Stark, N., & Jaber, R. (2023). Relating side scan sonar backscatter data to geotechnical properties for the investigation of surficial seabed sediments. Geo-Marine Letters, 43(2), 9.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-023-00750-5
  20. Gardner, M., Nichols, E., Stark, N., Lemnitzer, A., & Frost, D. (2023). Multispectral Imaging for Identification of High-Water Marks in Postdisaster Flood Reconnaissance. Natural Hazards Review, 24(2), 06023002. https://doi.org/10.1061/NHREFO.NHENG-1735
  21. Paldor, A., Stark, N., Florence, M., Raubenheimer, B., Elgar, S., Housego, R., … & Michael, H. A. (2022). Coastal topography and hydrogeology control critical groundwater gradients and potential beach surface instability during storm surges. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 26(23), 5987-6002. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5987-2022
  22. Stark, N., Parasie, N., & Peuchen, J., 2022. Deepwater Soil Investigation using a Free Fall Penetrometer. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 59(12), 2196-2201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2022-0029.
  23. Consolvo, S. T., Stark, N., Castellanos, B., Castro-Bolinaga, C. F., Hall, S., & Massey, G. (2022). Effects of shell hash on friction angles of surficial seafloor sediments near oysters. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 148(5), 04022015.https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000716
  24. Stark, N., Green, B., Brilli, N., Eidam, E., Franke, K. W., & Markert, K. (2022). Geotechnical Measurements for the Investigation and Assessment of Arctic Coastal Erosion—A Review and Outlook. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10(7), 914. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10070914
  25. Florence, M., Stark, N., Raubenheimer, B., & Elgar, S. (2022). Nearshore Vertical Pore Pressure Gradients and Onshore Sediment Transport under Tropical Storm Forcing. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 148(6), 04022023. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000723
  26. Jaber, R., Stark, N., Jafari, N., & Ravichandran, N., 2021. Combined portable free fall penetrometer and chirp sonar measurements of three texas river sections post hurricane Harvey. Engineering Geology, 294,  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2021.106324
  27. Florence, M., Stark, N., & Kennedy, A., 2021. Scour Development and Possible Effects of Momentary Liquefaction in Inundated Coastal Areas during Hurricane Michael. ASCE Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 148(2), https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000699.
  28. Stark, N., Mewis, P., Reeve, B., Florence, M., Piller, J., & Simon, J., 2021. Vertical pore pressure variations and geotechnical sediment properties at a sandy beach. Coastal Engineering, 172, 104058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2021.104058
  29. Paprocki, J., Stark, N., Graber, H. C., Wadman, H., & McNinch, J. E. (2021). Assessment of Moisture Content in Sandy Beach Environments from Multispectral Satellite Imagery. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 59(2): 225-238. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2020-0624.
  30. Mumtaz, M.B., & Stark, N., 2020. Pore Pressure Dissipation Induced by High-Velocity Impacts of a Portable Free-Fall Penetrometer in Clays. ASCE Journal for Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 143(9), 05020008. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002273.
  31. Stark, N., Shafii, I., Jafari, N., Ravichandran, R., Figlus, J., Smallegan, S.M., & Bassal, P., 2020. Scour At The Seawall In Surfside, Texas, During Hurricane Harvey (2017). International Journal of Geo-Engineering Case Histories, 5(4), 62-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4417/IJGCH-05-04-04
  32. Smallegan, S.M., Figlus, J., Stark, N., Sasanakul, I., Arboleda Monsalve, L.G., Shafii, I., Jafari, N., Ravichandran, N., & Bassal, P., 2020. Post-2017 Hurricane Season Assessment of Civil Infrastructure Impacts on Beach and Near-Beach Environments. International Journal of Geo-Engineering Case Histories, 5(4), 47-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4417/IJGCH-05-04-03
  33. Bilici, C., Stark, N., Friedrichs, C. T., & Massey, G. M., 2019. Coupled sedimentological and geotechnical data analysis of surficial sediment layer characteristics in a tidal estuary. Geo-Marine Letters, 39, 175–189. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-019-00565-3
  34. Albatal, A., Stark, N., & Castellanos, B., 2019. Estimating in-situ relative density and friction angle of nearshore sand from portable free fall penetrometer tests. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 57(1): 17-31, https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2018-0267.
  35. Bilici, C., & Stark, N., 2019. Performance of a novel sediment sampler as an add‐on unit for portable free‐fall penetrometers: Combining in situ geotechnical testing with sediment sampling. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods. https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10308
  36. Albatal, A., Wadman, H., Stark, N., Bilici, C., & McNinch, J., 2018. Investigation of spatial and short-term temporal nearshore sandy sediment strength using a portable free fall penetrometer. Coastal Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.coastaleng.2018.10.013
  37. Bilici, C., Stark, N. and Ghose Hajra, M., 2018. In-situ geotechnical characteristics of surficial wetland waterway sediments. ASCE Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering 144(6): 04018014. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000462
  38. Stark, N., McNinch, J., Wadman, H., Graber, H.C., Albatal, A. and Mallas, P.A., 2017. Friction angles at sandy beaches from remote imagery. Géotechnique Letters 7(4): 292-297 https://doi.org/10.1680/jgele.17.00053
  39. Dorvinen, J., Stark, N., Hatcher, B., Hatcher, M., Leys, V. and Kopf, A., 2017. Estimating in-situ sediment consolidation state using a free-fall penetrometer: Sydney Harbour, NS. ASCE Journal for Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering 144(2): 04017001. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000423
  40. Albatal, A. and Stark, N., 2017. Rapid sediment mapping and in situ geotechnical characterization in challenging aquatic areas. Limnology and Oceanography Methods 15(8): 690-705. https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10192
  41. Lucking, G., Stark, N., Lipmann, T. and Smyth, S., 2017. Variability of in situ sediment strength and pore pressure behavior of tidal estuary surface sediments. Geo-Marine Letters 37(5): 441-456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-017-0494-6
  42. Moernaut, J., Wiemer, G., Reusch, A., Stark, N., De Batist, M., Urrutia, R., Ladrón de Guevara, B., Kopf, A. and Strasser, M., 2017. The influence of overpressure and focused fluid flow on subaquatic slope stability in a formerly glaciated basin: Lake Villarrica (South-Central Chile). Marine Geology 383: 35-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2016.11.012
  43. Stark, N., 2016. Geotechnical site investigation in energetic nearshore zones: opportunities and challenges. Australian Geomechanics 51(4): 1-7.
  44. Stark, N. and Hay, A.E., 2016. Pebble and cobble transport on a steep, mega-tidal, mixed sand and gravel beach. Marine Geology 382: 210-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2016.10.012
  45. Stark, N., Radosavljevic, B., Quinn, B. and Lantuit, H., 2016. Application of a portable free-fall penetrometer for the geotechnical investigation of the Arctic nearshore zone. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 54(1):31-46. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0087
  46. Corella, J.P., Loizeau, J.-L., Kremer, K., Hilbe, M., Gerard, J., le Dantec, N., Stark, N., Gonzalez-Quijano, M. and Girardclos, S., 2016. The role of mass-transport deposits and turbidites in shaping modern lacustrine deepwater channels. Marine and Petroleum Geology 77: 515-525.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.07.004
  47. Wiemer, G., Moernaut, J., Stark, N., Kempf, P., De Batist, M., Pino, M., Urrutia, R., Ladron de Guevara, B., Strasser, M. and Kopf, A., 2015. The role of sediment composition and behavior under dynamic loading conditions on slope failure initiation: a study of a subaqueous landslide in earthquake-prone South-Central Chile. International Journal of Earth Sciences 104(5): 1439-1457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-015-1144-8
  48. Stark, N., Hay, A.E., Cheel, R. and Lake, C.B., 2014. The impact of particle shape on the angle of internal friction and the implications for sediment dynamics at a steep, mixed sand-gravel beach. Earth Surface Dynamics 2: 469-480. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-469-2014
  49. Hay, A.E., Zedel, L. and Stark, N., 2014. Sediment dynamics on a steep, megatidal, mixed sand-gravel-cobble beach. Earth Surface Dynamics 2: 443-453.https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-443-2014
  50. Stark, N., Hay, A.E., Cheel, R., Zedel, L. and Barclay, D., 2014. Laboratory Measurements of Coarse Sediment Bedload Transport Velocity Using a Prototype Wideband Coherent Doppler Profiler (MFDop). Journal for Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 31: 999-1011. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00095.1
  51. Stark, N., Le Dantec, N., Corella, J.P., Barry, D.A., Lemmin, U., Girardclos, S. and Kopf, A., 2013. Deployment of a dynamic penetrometer from manned submersibles for fine-scale geomorphology studies. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 11: 529-539. https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2013.11.529
  52. Corella, J.P., Arantegui, A., Loizeau, J.-L., DelSontro, T., Le Dantec, N., Stark, N., Anselmetti, F. and Girardclos, S., 2013. Sediment dynamics in the subaquatic channel of the Rhone Delta (Lake Geneva, France/Switzerland). Aquatic Sciences 76(1): 73-87.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-013-0309-4
  53. Stark, N., Coco, G., Bryan, K.R. and Kopf, A., 2012. In-situ geotechnical characterization of mixed-grainsize bedforms using a dynamic penetrometer. Journal of Sedimentary Research 82(7): 540-544. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2012.45
  54. Stark, N., Wilkens, R., Ernstsen, V.B., Lambers Huesmann, M., Stegmann, S. and Kopf, A., 2012. Geotechnical Properties of Sandy Seafloors and the Consequences for Dynamic Penetrometer Interpretations: Quartz Sand vs. Carbonate Sand. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 30(1):1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-011-9444-7
  55. Stark, N., Hanff, H., Svenson, C., Ernstsen, V.B., Lefebvre, A., Winter, C. and Kopf, A., 2011. Coupled penetrometer, MBES and ADCP assessments of tidal variations of the surface sediment layer along active subaqueous dunes, Danish Wadden Sea. Geo-Marine Letters 31:249-258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-011-0230-6
  56. Stark, N. and Wever, T.F., 2009. Unraveling subtle details of expendable bottom penetrometer (XBP) deceleration profiles. Geo-Marine Letters 29: 39-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-008-0119-1

Recent Conference Proceedings

  1. Stark, N., Adusei, S., Hubler, J., El Ahmad, M., Mayer, T., Hsu, T. J., & Zhang, J. (2025). Relating Beach Groundwater-Surface Water Dynamics to In Situ Strength from Dynamic Penetrometers. In Geotechnical Frontiers 2025, 75-82. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784486016.008
  2. Adusei, S., & Stark, N. (2025). Monitoring Sandy Beach Ridge-Runnel Dynamics from Satellite Imagery. In Geotechnical Frontiers 2025, 275-287. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784485989.028
  3. El Ahmad, M., Mayer, T., Hubler, J., Stark, N., & Hsu, T. J. (2025). Assessing Temporal Variations in Dynamic Cone Penetration and Shear Wave Velocity on a Sandy Beach. In Geotechnical Frontiers 2025, 545-554. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784486016.008
  4. Stark, N. (2025). Geomechanics of the deep-sea seabed surface – relevance, challenges, and opportunities. UMST 2025, Smyrna, GA, January 2025. Invited oral presentation.
  5. Stark, N., Brilli, N., Rahman, M.R., Florence, M., Castro-Bolinaga,C., Dorgan, K., Eidam, E., Elgar, E., Friedrichs, C., Hsu, T.-H., Massey, G., Nienhuis, J., Raubenheimer, B., Rodriguez-Marek, A., & Zambrano-Cruzatty, L. (2024). The Role of Geotechnical Properties for Sediment Erodibility in Coastal Environments and Challenges of Implementation. AGU Fall Meeting 2024, Washington DC, December 2024. Invited oral presentation.
  6. Stark, N., Gardner, M.H., Lemnitzer, A., Nichols, E., Wolf, S., Florence, M., Raubenheimer, B., & Grilliot, M. (2024). Navigating “extreme” waters – extreme event reconnaissance in inundated and subaquatic environments. AGU Fall Meeting 2024, Washington DC, December 2024.
  7. Stark, N. (2024). Exploring the Variability of Estuarine Bed Surface Sediments and its Impacts. Conference on Estuaries and Coasts, Quebec City, Canada, August 2024. Keynote lecture.
  8. Stark, N., Brilli, N.C., Hummel, E., Eidam, E., & Nienhuis, J. (2024). Variability of Geotechnical Properties in Arctic Coastal and Shelf Regions with regards to Sediment Dynamics. Conference on Cold Regions Engineering, Anchorage, AK, May 2024.
  9. Stark, N. (2024). Geotechnical Properties and Processes of Sandy Beaches and their Impact on Beach Erosion. Florida Shoreline and Beach Protection Association Annual Meeting, Augustine, FL, February 2024.
  10. Stark, N., Gardner, M.H., & Lemnitzer, A (2024). Using combined geotechnical and geophysical methods for site characterization of ultra-shallow submerged sites. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization, Barcelona, 18 – 21 June 2024
  11. Falcone Jr, F., Stark, N., Gardner, M., Lemnitzer, A., Brilli, N., Sarlo, R., … & Khosravi, M. (2024). Use of High-Resolution Multispectral Imagery to Assess the Role of Sand and Gravel Shoals for Flood-Infrastructure Interaction in the Yellowstone River, Montana. In Geo-Congress 2024, 614-622.
  12. Hummel, E., Stark, N., Zhang, J., Hsu, T. J., & Hubler, J. A (2024). Field Observation Framework for Concurrent Measurement of Surf Zone Hydrodynamics, Morphodynamics, and Geotechnical Properties. In Geo-Congress 2024, 491-500.
  13. Cox, C. E., Dorgan, K. M., Stark, N., Massey, G., Rodriguez-Marek, A., Friedrichs, C., Hunstein, E. & Rahman, M. R. (2023). Investigating the influence of biogenic processes on seabed properties in the York River Estuary, Chesapeake Bay. In Coastal Sediments 2023: The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2023, 1082-1094.
  14. Moore, J., Stark, N., Massey, G., Friedrichs, C., Dorgan, K., Rodriguez-Marek, A., Cox, C. & Hunstein, E. (2023). Investigating the relationship between geotechnical seabed properties and erodibility. In Coastal Sediments 2023: The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2023, 2408-2419.
  15. Stark, N., Lemnitzer, A., Franke, K.W., Gardner, M., Hubler, J., Lingwall, B., Nichols, E., Quinn, B., Thom, C., Markert, K., & Harman, D. (2023). The role of gravel shoals on scour and erosion in the Yellowstone River during the 2022 flood event initial observations. 11th Int Conference on Scour and Erosion (ICSE11), Sept 17-21, 2023, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  16. Stark, N. (2023). An initial geotechnical field investigation of a dune scarp. In Coastal Sediments 2023: The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2023, 647-655, April 11-15, 2023, New Orleans, Louisiana.
  17. Shrestha, S., & Stark, N. (2023). Statistical considerations of geotechnical properties in three different coastal environments. In Coastal Sediments 2023: The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2023, 2420-2433, April 11-15, 2023, New Orleans, Louisiana.
  18. Cox, C. E., Dorgan, K. M., Stark, N., Massey, G., Rodriguez-Marek, A., Friedrichs, C., … & Rahman, M. R. (2023). Investigating the influence of biogenic processes on seabed properties in the York River Estuary, Chesapeake Bay. In Coastal Sediments 2023: The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2023, 1082-1094, April 11-15, 2023, New Orleans, Louisiana.
  19. Moore, J., Stark, N., Massey, G., Friedrichs, C., Dorgan, K., Rodriguez-Marek, A., … & Hunstein, E. (2023). Investigating the relationship between geotechnical seabed properties and erodibility. In Coastal Sediments 2023: The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2023, 2408-2419, April 11-15, 2023, New Orleans, Louisiana.
  20. Dorgan, K., Lockridge, G., Frey, M., Clemo, W., Venegas, G., Lee, K., … & Calantoni, J. (2023). Relating tensile strength to other sediment properties along a sand-mud gradient in Mobile Bay, Alabama. In Coastal Sediments 2023: The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2023, 1565-1575, April 11-15, 2023, New Orleans, Louisiana.
  21. Rahman, M. R., Hunstein, E., Rodriguez-Marek, A., Stark, N., Massey, G., Dorgan, K., & Cox, C. (2023). Probilistic soil characterization based on portable free fall penetrometer measurements. In Coastal Sediments 2023: The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2023, 2398-2407, April 11-15, 2023, New Orleans, Louisiana.

 

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