{"id":9242,"date":"2021-10-12T12:01:48","date_gmt":"2021-10-12T17:01:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/?p=9242"},"modified":"2026-04-13T16:45:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-13T20:45:10","slug":"learnable-adaptive-cosine-estimator-lace-for-image-classification","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/2021\/10\/12\/learnable-adaptive-cosine-estimator-lace-for-image-classification\/","title":{"rendered":"Learnable Adaptive Cosine Estimator (LACE) for Image Classification"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Abstract:<\/h2>\n<p>In this work, we propose a new loss to improve feature discriminability and classification performance. Motivated by the adaptive cosine\/coherence estimator [42] (ACE), our proposed method incorporates angular information that is inherently learned by artificial neural networks. Our learnable ACE (LACE) transforms the data into a new \u201cwhitened\u201d space that improves the inter-class separability and intra-class compactness. We compare our LACE to alternative state-of-the art softmax-based and feature regularization approaches. Our results show that the proposed method can serve as a viable alternative to cross entropy and angular softmax approaches.<\/p>\n<h2>Links:<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9706894\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-426\" src=\"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/759\/2016\/09\/ieee-300x242.jpg\" alt=\"Learnable Adaptive Cosine Estimator for Image Classification IEEE document\" width=\"114\" height=\"92\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/759\/2016\/09\/ieee-300x242.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/759\/2016\/09\/ieee.jpg 769w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 114px) 100vw, 114px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/openaccess.thecvf.com\/content\/WACV2022\/html\/Peeples_Learnable_Adaptive_Cosine_Estimator_LACE_for_Image_Classification_WACV_2022_paper.html\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9762\" src=\"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/759\/2021\/10\/WACV_Hawaii_2022_HomePageLogoTopLeft_LoRes-300x63.jpg\" alt=\"Learnable Adaptive Cosine Estimator (LACE) for Image Classification, WACV 2022 conference paper page with abstract and publication details\" width=\"133\" height=\"28\" srcset=\"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/759\/2021\/10\/WACV_Hawaii_2022_HomePageLogoTopLeft_LoRes-300x63.jpg 300w, https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/759\/2021\/10\/WACV_Hawaii_2022_HomePageLogoTopLeft_LoRes-1024x216.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/759\/2021\/10\/WACV_Hawaii_2022_HomePageLogoTopLeft_LoRes-768x162.jpg 768w, https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/759\/2021\/10\/WACV_Hawaii_2022_HomePageLogoTopLeft_LoRes-1536x324.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/759\/2021\/10\/WACV_Hawaii_2022_HomePageLogoTopLeft_LoRes-2048x431.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 133px) 100vw, 133px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ncdSDylkz-4\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9762\" src=\"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/759\/2016\/09\/new-internet-open-web-website-tab-external-link-e1482256597352.png\" alt=\"Learnable Adaptive Cosine Estimator (LACE) for Image Classification Youtube \" width=\"133\" height=\"28\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Citation:<\/h2>\n<pre><code>J. Peeples, C. H. McCurley, S. Walker, D. Stewart and A. Zare, \"Learnable Adaptive Cosine Estimator (LACE) for Image Classification,\" 2022 IEEE\/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), 2022, pp. 3757-3767, doi: 10.1109\/WACV51458.2022.00381.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre class=\"verbatim select-on-click\" title=\"click to copy to clipboard\"><code>@InProceedings{Peeples_2022_WACV,\nauthor    = {Peeples, Joshua and McCurley, Connor H. and Walker, Sarah and Stewart, Dylan and Zare, Alina},\ntitle     = {Learnable Adaptive Cosine Estimator (LACE) for Image Classification},\nbooktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)},\nmonth     = {January},\nyear      = {2022},\npages     = {3757-3767},\ndoi={10.1109\/WACV51458.2022.00381}\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Abstract: In this work, we propose a new loss to improve feature discriminability and classification performance. Motivated by the adaptive cosine\/coherence estimator [42] (ACE), our proposed method incorporates angular information that is inherently learned by artificial neural networks. Our learnable ACE (LACE) transforms the data into a new \u201cwhitened\u201d space that improves the inter-class separability [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"single-templates\/single-sidebar-none.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"featured_post":"off","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[9,13],"tags":[31,35],"class_list":["post-9242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news","category-publication","tag-cosine-estimator","tag-image-classification"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9242","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9242"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9242\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16493,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9242\/revisions\/16493"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.eng.ufl.edu\/machine-learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}